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HMAS ''Otama'' (SS 62/SSG 62) was an ''Oberon''-class submarine of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Built in Scotland, the submarine was the last of the class to enter service when commissioned into the RAN in 1978. One of two Australian "Mystery Boats" fitted with additional surveillance and intelligence-gathering equipment, ''Otama'' was routinely deployed on highly-classified operations to track units of the Soviet Pacific Fleet and conduct surveillance throughout Asia. The submarine was part of the RAN's largest flag-showing cruise in the Indian Ocean during 1980. From 1983 to 1985, she underwent an extensive upgrade. In 1987, two submariners died when ''Otama'' submerged while they were still working in the fin. ''Otama'' remained in service until late 2000; a delay from her original planned decommissioning date to help attenuate the problems with the replacement ''Collins''-class submarines. ''Otama'' was sold to the Western Port Oberon Association in 2001, who planned to preserve her as a museum vessel as part of the proposed Victorian Maritime Centre. Submissions to build the maritime museum at various locations on the Mornington Peninsula were repeatedly rebuffed. In late 2008, the submarine was listed for sale on eBay, but despite several expressions of interest, ''Otama'' was not sold. In-principle approval to build the Victorian Maritime Centre on reclaimed land adjacent to the Western Port Marina at Hastings was granted in 2013, but as of 2015, planning permits have not been approved. ==Design and construction== (詳細は''Porpoise''-class of submarines, with changes made to improve the vessels' hull integrity, sensor systems, and stealth capabilities.〔Chant, ''A Compedium of Armaments and Military Hardware'', pp. 167–8〕 Eight submarines were ordered for the RAN, in two batches of four.〔Cooper, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 188〕 The first batch was approved in 1963, and the second batch (including ''Otama'') was approved during the late 1960s, although two of these were cancelled before construction started in 1969, with the funding redirected to the Fleet Air Arm.〔Cooper, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 194〕〔Bastock, ''Australia's Ships of War'', p. 394-5〕 This was the fourth time the RAN had attempted to establish a submarine branch.〔Dennis et al., ''The Oxford Companion to Australian Military history'', p. 399〕 The submarine was long, with a beam of , and a draught of when surfaced.〔 At full load displacement, she displaced 2,030 tons when surfaced, and 2,410 tons when submerged.〔 The two propeller shafts were each driven by an English Electric motor providing 3,500 brake horsepower and 4,500 shaft horsepower; the electricity for these was generated by two Admiralty Standard Range supercharged V16 diesel generators.〔Shaw, ''HMAS Onslow'', p. 15〕 The submarine could travel at up to on the surface, and up to when submerged, had a maximum range of at , and a test depth of below sea level.〔〔 When launched, the boat had a company of 8 officers and 56 sailors, but by the time she decommissioned, the number of sailors had increased to 60.〔〔 In addition, up to 16 trainees could be carried.〔 The main armament of the ''Oberon''s consisted of six torpedo tubes.〔 The British Mark 8 torpedo was initially carried by the submarine; this was later replaced by the wire-guided Mark 23.〔Shaw, ''HMAS Onslow'', p. 21〕 After a multi-year refit ending in 1985, ''Otama'' was upgraded to carry United States Navy Mark 48 torpedoes and UGM-84 Sub Harpoon anti-ship missiles; the last Australian ''Oberon'' to undergo the Submarine Weapon Update Program.〔〔〔Owen, in Mitchell, ''Australian Maritime Issues 2010'', p. 32〕 As of 1996, the standard payload of an Australian ''Oberon'' was a mix of 20 Mark 48 Mod 4 torpedoes and Sub Harpoon missiles.〔 Some or all of the torpedo payload could be replaced by Mark 5 Stonefish sea mines, which were deployed through the torpedo tubes.〔Sharpe (ed.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships, 1996–1997'', p. 23〕〔 On entering service, two stern-mounted, short-length torpedo tubes for Mark 20 anti-submarine torpedoes.〔 However, the development of steerable wire-guided torpedoes made the less-capable aft-firing torpedoes redundant; they were closed off, and later removed during a refit.〔Shaw, ''HMAS Onslow'', p. 19〕 ''Otama'' was laid down by Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at Greenock, Scotland on 25 May 1973, launched on 3 December 1975, and commissioned into the RAN on 27 April 1978.〔Sharped (ed.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1992–93'', p. 22〕 The submarine was due to enter service in 1976, but faulty high-power electrical cabling had been installed in ''Otama'' and sister boat ; stripping out and replacing the cabling delayed each submarine's construction by two years.〔Owen, in Mitchell, ''Australian Maritime Issues 2010'', p. 31〕 The delay meant that the two boats could be fitted with Micropuffs rangefinding sonar during construction, and have additional electronic surveillance equipment installed.〔Owen, in Mitchell, ''Australian Maritime Issues 2010'', p. 32-3〕 ''Otama'' was the sixth and final ''Oberon''-class submarine to enter service with the RAN.〔Stevens, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', opp. p. 32〕 The boat's name comes from a North Queensland Aboriginal word meaning "dolphin"; this was a break in RAN tradition, which had used the names of explorers and pioneers for previous submarines.〔Bastock, ''Australia's Ships of War'', p. 394〕〔 ''Otama'' was assigned the pennant number 62.〔Gillett, ''Australian and New Zealand Warships since 1946'', p. 77〕 The high standard of internal fittings compared to the rest of the class led to the "Gucci Boat" nickname.〔Seal & Blake, ''Century of Silent Service'', p. 83〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMAS ''Otama'' (SS 62/SSG 62) was an ''Oberon''-class submarine of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Built in Scotland, the submarine was the last of the class to enter service when commissioned into the RAN in 1978. One of two Australian "Mystery Boats" fitted with additional surveillance and intelligence-gathering equipment, ''Otama'' was routinely deployed on highly-classified operations to track units of the Soviet Pacific Fleet and conduct surveillance throughout Asia.The submarine was part of the RAN's largest flag-showing cruise in the Indian Ocean during 1980. From 1983 to 1985, she underwent an extensive upgrade. In 1987, two submariners died when ''Otama'' submerged while they were still working in the fin. ''Otama'' remained in service until late 2000; a delay from her original planned decommissioning date to help attenuate the problems with the replacement ''Collins''-class submarines.''Otama'' was sold to the Western Port Oberon Association in 2001, who planned to preserve her as a museum vessel as part of the proposed Victorian Maritime Centre. Submissions to build the maritime museum at various locations on the Mornington Peninsula were repeatedly rebuffed. In late 2008, the submarine was listed for sale on eBay, but despite several expressions of interest, ''Otama'' was not sold. In-principle approval to build the Victorian Maritime Centre on reclaimed land adjacent to the Western Port Marina at Hastings was granted in 2013, but as of 2015, planning permits have not been approved.==Design and construction==(詳細はOberon-class submarineを参照)The ''Oberon'' class was based heavily on the preceding ''Porpoise''-class of submarines, with changes made to improve the vessels' hull integrity, sensor systems, and stealth capabilities.Chant, ''A Compedium of Armaments and Military Hardware'', pp. 167–8 Eight submarines were ordered for the RAN, in two batches of four.Cooper, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 188 The first batch was approved in 1963, and the second batch (including ''Otama'') was approved during the late 1960s, although two of these were cancelled before construction started in 1969, with the funding redirected to the Fleet Air Arm.Cooper, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 194Bastock, ''Australia's Ships of War'', p. 394-5 This was the fourth time the RAN had attempted to establish a submarine branch.Dennis et al., ''The Oxford Companion to Australian Military history'', p. 399The submarine was long, with a beam of , and a draught of when surfaced. At full load displacement, she displaced 2,030 tons when surfaced, and 2,410 tons when submerged. The two propeller shafts were each driven by an English Electric motor providing 3,500 brake horsepower and 4,500 shaft horsepower; the electricity for these was generated by two Admiralty Standard Range supercharged V16 diesel generators.Shaw, ''HMAS Onslow'', p. 15 The submarine could travel at up to on the surface, and up to when submerged, had a maximum range of at , and a test depth of below sea level. When launched, the boat had a company of 8 officers and 56 sailors, but by the time she decommissioned, the number of sailors had increased to 60. In addition, up to 16 trainees could be carried.The main armament of the ''Oberon''s consisted of six torpedo tubes. The British Mark 8 torpedo was initially carried by the submarine; this was later replaced by the wire-guided Mark 23.Shaw, ''HMAS Onslow'', p. 21 After a multi-year refit ending in 1985, ''Otama'' was upgraded to carry United States Navy Mark 48 torpedoes and UGM-84 Sub Harpoon anti-ship missiles; the last Australian ''Oberon'' to undergo the Submarine Weapon Update Program.Owen, in Mitchell, ''Australian Maritime Issues 2010'', p. 32 As of 1996, the standard payload of an Australian ''Oberon'' was a mix of 20 Mark 48 Mod 4 torpedoes and Sub Harpoon missiles. Some or all of the torpedo payload could be replaced by Mark 5 Stonefish sea mines, which were deployed through the torpedo tubes.Sharpe (ed.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships, 1996–1997'', p. 23 On entering service, two stern-mounted, short-length torpedo tubes for Mark 20 anti-submarine torpedoes. However, the development of steerable wire-guided torpedoes made the less-capable aft-firing torpedoes redundant; they were closed off, and later removed during a refit.Shaw, ''HMAS Onslow'', p. 19''Otama'' was laid down by Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at Greenock, Scotland on 25 May 1973, launched on 3 December 1975, and commissioned into the RAN on 27 April 1978.Sharped (ed.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1992–93'', p. 22 The submarine was due to enter service in 1976, but faulty high-power electrical cabling had been installed in ''Otama'' and sister boat ; stripping out and replacing the cabling delayed each submarine's construction by two years.Owen, in Mitchell, ''Australian Maritime Issues 2010'', p. 31 The delay meant that the two boats could be fitted with Micropuffs rangefinding sonar during construction, and have additional electronic surveillance equipment installed.Owen, in Mitchell, ''Australian Maritime Issues 2010'', p. 32-3 ''Otama'' was the sixth and final ''Oberon''-class submarine to enter service with the RAN.Stevens, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', opp. p. 32 The boat's name comes from a North Queensland Aboriginal word meaning "dolphin"; this was a break in RAN tradition, which had used the names of explorers and pioneers for previous submarines.Bastock, ''Australia's Ships of War'', p. 394 ''Otama'' was assigned the pennant number 62.Gillett, ''Australian and New Zealand Warships since 1946'', p. 77 The high standard of internal fittings compared to the rest of the class led to the "Gucci Boat" nickname.Seal & Blake, ''Century of Silent Service'', p. 83」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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